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Information on life-long history of alcohol consumption might be more relevant to chronic diseases than current intake. The aim of this study was to describe past alcohol intake and consumption patterns in the EPIC-Germany cohorts...
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Information on life-long history of alcohol consumption might be more relevant to chronic diseases than current intake. The aim of this study was to describe past alcohol intake and consumption patterns in the EPIC-Germany cohorts, by sex and age, from 1949 to 1998. Past daily consumption of alcoholic beverages- beer, wine, and spirits - was assessed through a lifestyle questionnaire administered to 27,099 subjects of the EPIC-Potsdam and 25,449 subjects of the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort. Recruitment of the cohorts concentrated on men aged 40-64 and on women aged 35-64. For each alcoholic beverage, the consumption at ages 20, 30, and 40 was asked. The data were used to calculate previous mean consumption in 10-year intervals from 1949 to 1998. Alcohol intake was observed to be higher in the Heidelberg than in the Potsdam cohort. Differences between cohorts were most marked for wine consumption which was considerably higher in the Heidelberg cohort. Men consumed approximately 3 times the amount of alcohol of women. Men preferred to drink beer, women preferred to drink wine. For the Potsdam cohort, alcohol intake was observed to increase since 1949. For the Heidelberg cohort, a recent decrease in alcohol intake in males and females of 30 and 40 years of age was noted. The data indicate that collection of alcohol consumption data at various discrete points in time is essential to depict life-long history of alcohol consumption.
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The present study was conducted to assess the impact of deaddiction on food and nutrient intake of moderately heavy drinkers who were consuming 200 to 400 ml liquor per day. The sixty adult male subjects were taken from nursing ho...
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The present study was conducted to assess the impact of deaddiction on food and nutrient intake of moderately heavy drinkers who were consuming 200 to 400 ml liquor per day. The sixty adult male subjects were taken from nursing homes and rehabilitation centre of Hisar city in Haryana state, India. After deaddiction a significant (P<0.01) increase was noticed in the mean daily intake levels of various food groups such as cereals, pulses, green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, fruits, sugar and jaggery and fats and oils. In contrast, the consumption of meat and eggs was abruptly decreased. There was, nevertheless, a significant (P<0.01) improvement in the intake levels of several nutrients after deaddiction. These included food energy, carbohydrates, #beta#-carotene, thiamine, niacin and fibre.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the association between alcohol intake and left ventricular mass (LVM) independent of the effects of blood pressure and other factors in rural areas of Western China. The present study incl...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the association between alcohol intake and left ventricular mass (LVM) independent of the effects of blood pressure and other factors in rural areas of Western China. The present study included 1007 subjects (487 men and 520 women) aged >= 35 years from the Tongan district, Chongqing, China. The quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption were estimated from a validated questionnaire. Echocardiography was used to assess left ventricular dimensions. Drinkers was associated with higher LVM compared with nondrinkers (beta = 6.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.3-12.5, P =.015). A dose-dependent higher LVM across increasing alcohol consumption was observed (P <.05). LVM was significantly correlated with regular drinking (beta = 10.0, 95% confidence interval: 3.6-16.4). In subjects with hypertension, quantity of alcohol consumption (P for interaction = .013) and frequency of alcohol consumption (P for interaction = .025) were strongly associated with higher LVM when stratified by blood pressure. However, interactions linked to age, body mass index, and gender were found to be no significant difference. These results indicate that both quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption are independent predictors of LVM in rural areas of Western China. The effects of alcohol consumption on LVM are enhanced among subjects with hypertension. (C) 2017 American Society of Hypertension. All rights reserved.
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Objective: The objective of this study is to study the association of alcoholic beverages and serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level with periodontal condition. Material and methods: The study included 4294 dentate, non-diabe...
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Objective: The objective of this study is to study the association of alcoholic beverages and serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level with periodontal condition. Material and methods: The study included 4294 dentate, non-diabetic Finnish adults aged 30—65 years who underwent periodontal examination during the Health 2000 Survey. The number of teeth with deepened (≥4mm) periodontal pockets was the outcome. The exposures were self-reported beverage-specific alcohol intake (amount and frequency) and serum GGT level. The relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cl) were obtained by fitting zero-inflated negative binomial regression models. Results: We found no consistent association of either the intake of different alcoholic beverages or GGT level with the number of teeth with deepened periodontal pockets in the total study population or among the non-smokers. Among the highly educated non-smokers, spirit intake was associated with a low likelihood of having teeth with deepened periodontal pockets; RRs varied between 0.3 and 0.8. Among the non-smokers who had basic or intermediate education, spirit intake was associated with a higher likelihood of having teeth with deepened periodontal pockets; RRs varied between 1.2 and 1.8. Conclusion: In general, neither the intake of different alcoholic beverages nor the GGT level was consistently associated with the number of teeth with deepened periodontal pockets.
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Purpose The aim of this original research is to evaluate the effect of SG on alcohol intake symptoms, blood alcohol content (BAC), and alcohol metabolite levels. Methods At 0-6-12 months after SG, BAC of patients was measured at 0...
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Purpose The aim of this original research is to evaluate the effect of SG on alcohol intake symptoms, blood alcohol content (BAC), and alcohol metabolite levels. Methods At 0-6-12 months after SG, BAC of patients was measured at 0, 15, 30, and 60 min, and then every 30 min, and urinary metabolite (ethanol and acetaldehyde) levels were measured 2 h after consuming a standard red wine drink. Symptoms perceived by patients were evaluated using symptom alcoholization post-obesity surgery scores. Results Thirty obese patients (12 men/18 women; mean body mass index, 44 ±4 kg/m~2) who underwent SG were enrolled in this study. At 12 months after SG, no alcohol use disorder was observed and BAC tended to peak after 15 min, with alcohol intoxication symptoms (nausea/vomiting, flushing, and diaphoresis), and return to zero after 90 min of wine intake. Ethanol and acetaldehyde levels were significantly different at 12 months compared with the levels at time 0 (p<0.05). Conclusions Following SG, patients exhibit a high BAC at 15 min after moderate alcohol consumption accompanied with increased metabolite excretion and intoxication symptoms. Level of evidence Level III obtained from well-designed cohort analytic study.
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Overactive bladder is defined by the Standardization Subcommittee of the International Continence Society (ICS) as a bladder disease characterized by the symptoms of urinary urgency, frequency, and nocturia, with or without urgenc...
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Overactive bladder is defined by the Standardization Subcommittee of the International Continence Society (ICS) as a bladder disease characterized by the symptoms of urinary urgency, frequency, and nocturia, with or without urgency incontinence, in the absence of urinary tract infection or other obvious pathology [1]. Current treatment strategies for this distressing disorder revolve around first-line conservative management followed by specialized secondary treatment [2,3]. A primary component of first-line conservative management is the reduction of intake of bladder irritants such as caffeine-containing products, notably tea and coffee. However, there are few epidemiological studies that associate caffeine consumption with overactive bladder. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between caffeine intake and overactive bladder in a UK population.
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Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In spite of significant advances in understanding the neural underpinnings of AUDs, therapeutic options remain limited. Recent studie...
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Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In spite of significant advances in understanding the neural underpinnings of AUDs, therapeutic options remain limited. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as an innovative, safe, and cost-effective treatment for AUDs. Here, we summarize the fundamental principles of rTMS and its putative mechanisms of action via neurocircuitries related to alcohol addiction. We will also discuss advantages and limitations of rTMS, and argue that Hebbian plasticity and connectivity changes, as well as state-dependency, play a role in shaping some of the longterm effects of rTMS. Visual imaging studies will be linked to recent clinical pilot studies describing the effect of rTMS on alcohol craving and intake, pinpointing new advances, and highlighting conceptual gaps to be filled by future controlled studies. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Aims: To estimate alcohol consumption among Danish adults with diabetes and to investigate whether certain comorbidities are related to a high alcohol intake. Methods: A total of 162,283 participants responded to the Danish Nation...
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Aims: To estimate alcohol consumption among Danish adults with diabetes and to investigate whether certain comorbidities are related to a high alcohol intake. Methods: A total of 162,283 participants responded to the Danish National Health Survey 2013 (questionnaire study, response rate 54.0%). Variables on the participants were extracted from the survey and 6.5% of respondents reported having diabetes. High alcohol consumption was defined as >21 (men) or >14 (women) standard drinks per week. Results: High alcohol consumption was reported by 11.2 % of men and 4.3% of women with diabetes. In the women, this was fewer than among women without diabetes (odds ratio (OR) 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56-0.77, p<0.0001). Patients with diabetes had lower ORs for binge drinking (men OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.84-0.97, p=0.0039; women OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70-0.89, p<0.0001) and lower ORs for having a problematic alcohol intake (men OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.75-0.86, p<0.0001; women OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.49-0.64, p<0.0001) compared with participants without diabetes. A larger proportion of participants with diabetes had not consumed alcohol within the last year (men 13.5%; women 28.2%) compared with participants without diabetes (men 6.0%; women 11.2%). Men with diabetes and a high consumption of alcohol had significantly lower ORs for myocardial infarction (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.40-0.76, p =0.0003) and stroke (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.49-1.00, p=0.0498). Conclusions: This study suggests that Danish patients with diabetes are less prone to exhibit addictive behaviour and many abstain from alcohol. Fewer women with diabetes than without diabetes have an excessive drinking pattern. High alcohol consumption in men with diabetes correlates to a lower occurrence of cardiovascular events.
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Background/objectives: Alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP) and liver cirrhosis (ALC) are sequels of excessive alcohol intake. They develop in a minority of long-term alcohol consumers. Their concomitant occurrence is rare and the...
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Background/objectives: Alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP) and liver cirrhosis (ALC) are sequels of excessive alcohol intake. They develop in a minority of long-term alcohol consumers. Their concomitant occurrence is rare and the organ selection remains unknown. The aim of study was to compare patients with ACP and ALC with respect to their lifestyle. Methods: Sixty-six patients with ACP and 80 with ALC were personally interviewed about their lifestyle, drinking, and eating habits. Results: The groups of ACP (60 males, 6 females) and ALC (64 males, 16 females) did not differ in the amount of alcohol intake (58 g/day vs. 64 g/day). Significantly more patients with ACP reported first alcohol contact before the age of 15 (28.5% vs. 88%; p = 0.03). ACP patients had the highest alcohol intake between 20 and 30 years of age (43.6% vs. 20.3%; p < 0.01), were more likely to smoke (92.4% vs. 78.7%; p = 0.02) and more likely to start smoking before the age of 15 (16.7% vs. 3.7%; p = 0.04). Patients with ACP had a lower level of education (p < 0.01). We did not observe significant differences between the dietary habits of the groups. The incidence of cirrhosis in ACP patients was 16.7%. The incidence of pancreatitis in the ACL group was 2.5%. Conclusion: The socio-behavioral factors affecting development of either ACP or ALC differed. ACP was associated with an early onset of drinking and smoking, highest alcohol intake at a young age, and a lower level of education. Simultaneous occurrence was unusual. Supported by grant IGAMZ NS/10527-3.
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Alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (CP) is not usually diagnosed until the end stage of the disease, and hence enormous medical and social resources are consumed in the treatment of established alcoholic CP. With the aim of early diag...
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Alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (CP) is not usually diagnosed until the end stage of the disease, and hence enormous medical and social resources are consumed in the treatment of established alcoholic CP. With the aim of early diagnosis and prevention of alcoholic CP, we here propose “alcoholic pancreatopathy” as a new category of pancreatic disorder induced by alcohol intake. In addition to a history of excessive alcohol intake (>80 g/day), the presence of at least one of the following conditions establishes the diagnosis of alcoholic pancreatopathy:
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